Acute papillitis in young female with toxoplasmosis

Papillitis and complicating acute toxoplasma retinochoroiditis, are unusual and atypical features of toxoplasmosis. This report presents a female with unusual acute papillitis. This patient had an active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis lesion that appeared to involve the optic nerve head and a major blood vessel as well as central nervous systems [CNS]. Papillitis may be secondary to juxtapapillary retinitis [Jensen choroiditis]. Very rarely, the optic nerve head may be the primary site of involvement. This case report illustrates a rare presentation of acute papillitis in a young immunocompetent female

Causes of blindness and severe visual impairment in children in schools for the blind in east azerbaijan state

To determine the anatomical site and underlying causes of blindness and severe visual impairment [BL/SVI], in schools for the blind in East Azerbaijan state with determining potentially preventable and treatable causes. Between October 2003 and November 2004 a total of 124 students attending three schools for the blind in East Azerbaijan state were examined clinically and data reported using the WHO/PEL childhood blindness assessment form. Most of the students [91.9%] were blind. The major causes of BL/SVI in our study were: Retinal dystrophy [mainly early onset retinitis pigmentosa] in 34.7% of participents; cataract and aphakia in 14.5%; corneal scar/haze in 15.4% and microphthalmus in 13.7%. The retina was the major anatomical site of visual loss [41.1%] followed by the whole globe [23.4%], lens [14.5%], cornea [15.3%] and optic nerve [5.6%]. A relatively high proportion of childhood blindness in East Azerbaijan state has avoidable causes. Most cases of corneal scars and phthisis can be prevented, and cataract is potentially treatable condition

Long-term outcome of transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation for refractory glaucoma

To study success rate and long term efficacy and complications of the transscleral diode laser Cyclophotocoagulation in refractory glaucoma. In a noncomparative interventional case series, eyes of 9 patients with glaucoma resistant to conventional medical and surgical therapies were treated with transscleral diode laser Cyclophotocoagulation from 2004 to 2007. Criteria for success included intraocular pressure [IOP] of 21 mmHg or less with no devastating complications or need for further glaucoma surgery. Mean IOP had dropped by 50.6% from 47.03 +/- 11.22 mmHg before treatment to 13.2 +/- 7.1 mmHg after surgery [P < 0.001]. The mean number of antiglaucoma medications per eye dropped from 2.78 +/- 0.92 to 1.83 +/- 1.25 [p=0.0001]. Twenty-five [31.6%] eyes suffered deterioration, 14 [17.7%] maintained stability and 23 [29.1%] exhibited improvement of visual acuity. Treatment with cyclophotocoagulation in patients with refractory glaucoma lead to increase in acuity and lower intraocular pressure